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Diffuse Hair Loss
Telogen Effluviumel
Telogen is the name for the dormant stage of the hair growth cycle.
It is normal for old hairs to be shed during this phase or shortly
afterwards in association with hair regrowth. Normally only about
10-15% of the scalp hairs are in this resting phase at any given time.
Accordingly, the natural daily shedding of up to 100-150 hairs is
often not of major consequence and is usually given little attention.
A Telogen Effluviumeloccurs when a proportionately larger
number of hairs synchronously enter telogen and are shed in large
numbers. Individuals are often quite aware of an abrupt increase in
hair shedding but may not notice less hair on their heads until a
significant amount of hair has already been lost.
A considerable number of different causes for Telogen
Effluviumel exist. Among the common causes are high fevers, major
illnesses, an underactive thyroid gland, stopping birth control pills,
giving birth, crash dieting, general anesthesia, and a variety of
drugs.
Typically, abrupt diffuse hair loss is noticed several weeks to
several months after the incident has initiated the biologic program
for hair loss. While the most often noticed hair loss occurs on the
scalp, some individuals may also notice hair loss elsewhere on the
body. Significant hair shedding usually occurs when shampooing,
combing, or even when gently manipulating the hair. Shedding usually
slowly decreases over several months once the cause for the hair loss
is no longer present. As some of the causes represent ongoing
problems, it is important to determine the likely cause when possible
and take appropriate measures to prevent continued stimulus for
further hair loss.
Consequently it is important that an individual consult with his or
her personal physician as soon as the hair loss is detected.
Typically, the condition of Telogen Effluviumel is a likely
possibility when acute diffuse hair shedding occurs in the absence of
other associated clinical findings. During the active shedding phase
of this problem, many hairs are loose and are often found clogging the
shower drain after shampooing, accumulating on combs and brushes, and
even falling out when gently running fingers through the hair or
lightly pulling on the hair. These shed or loose hairs all have
club-shaped "roots" typical of resting, telogen hairs and
may be easily identified under the microscope.
After shampooing, the bulk of existing loose hair has often been
shed and loose hair may not again appear until additional hairs enter
this resting phase. As shedding resolves, hair looseness may no longer
be a prominent finding. Depending upon how much hair has been lost,
scalp hair density may or may not be recognized to be significantly
reduced. A general sense of scalp hair density may be appreciated from
the width of the hair part-line. Normal hair density produces a
relatively tight, narrow part while decreased density results in a
relatively widened part.
When there is any doubt about the presence of this condition, a
small piece of skin may be taken from the scalp as a biopsy to be
examined under the microscope. In this way, the condition of the hair
follicles, the tissues that produce the hair, may be determined.
It is important that an individual be examined by his or her
personal physician if a Telogen Effluviumel occurs, so as to
determine whether a medical problem has caused it as well as to
determine the appropriate course of action.
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